The main aim of this work was to determine the mass concentration, chemically characterize the species present and identify the possible sources of samples of particulate matter (PM10 e PM2.5) collected at sites with (Gericinó, Lagoa e Copacabana) and without (Botafogo) the influence of the Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro. The PM samples were obtained from the Instituto Estadual do Ambiente (INEA) relative to the year 2016. The Olympic seasons considered were July to September of 2016. The chemical characterization of the samples was performed by ICP-MS and ion chromatography (IC). PM10 during the Olympic period were reduced 26 percent, when compared to previous years at the same time of the year. On the other hand, PM2.5 was not reduced during the Olympic period. Of all the water-soluble ions analyzed, the highest concentrations were obtained for NO3-, SO42- and Na plus in both fractions of PM. High concentrations of NO3 - and SO4 2- suggest the presence of anthropogenic sources. From calculation of non-sea salt was possible to observe that Ca2 plus, K plus and SO4 2- had a low marine contribution. Fe, Cu and Ti were the majority metals of all samples in both fractions of PM, while Mn, Pb, V and Ni were detected as minorities. Correlations above 0.90 are observed between Ti-Mn and Ti-Fe, suggested soil resuspension emissions. Strong correlations coefficients between V-Ni and V-Pb show the vehicular influence as the main source. Finally, it was possible to observe an influence of the Olympic Games in mass concentration and some species in PM2.5, while in PM10 no correlation was observed.