Gliomas are among the most common malignant brain tumors. They can be classified into low-grade and high-grade gliomas and their early identification is crucial for treatment direction. Using a radiomics approach, the present work proposes the use of biodiversity and phylogenetic diversity biology indices to handle the glioma classification problem. The proposed method presented promising results, with AUC-ROC (area under the ROC curve), accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 0,951, 0,930, 0,967 and 0,827, respectively.