One of the biggest challenges in drilling the carbonate rocks located at great depths is to overcome low penetration drilling rates that have been obtained in vertical and directional wells. To overcome this challenge, a great effort is being developed on multiple lines of research. All of them are focused in new concepts of drilling procedures and the selection of a drilling system that presents a better performance. To achieve this goal, new procedures are being designed and drilling systems with lower vibration levels are under development. Vibration reduces the efficiency of drilling, also decreases the lifetime of equipment and consequently causes a reduction in reliability of all system and raises the drilling costs. Consequently, new drill bit technologies and drilling systems are being developed and, among the new technologies we can differentiate those that only promote improvements in conventional technologies and those innovative technologies, in which new mechanisms to cut or weaken the rock are used. The drilling assisted laser is one of the most promising mechanism in which the radiant energy beam has the primary function to weaken the rock increasing the performance of drilling process. This dissertation aims to perform an assessment of the possibilities of laser technology in rock drilling applications. The laser will have to pass through the drilling fluid in the future applications so it is very important to understand their physicochemical properties and their mutual interaction. For this reason, the knowledge of the interaction with the drilling fluid is the starting point for this work. First of all, it will be accomplished an analysis of optical absorption in some types of fluid used in the oil industry. After that, it will be performed bench testing with an electro-mechanical device that will support a laser whose maximum power can reach 1500 W and it will be pointed to carbonate rock samples. The optical absorption analysis aims to better understand the interaction of the laser with the drilling fluid. The optical absorption tests are performed to evaluate the absorption of light in the wavelength range from 800 nm to 1200 nm. From this information, it will be taken the first step to understand the interaction with the drilling fluid, which is the starting point for the feasibility study of the use of lasers. Following the approach, a literature review will be presented with the studies, analysis and bench testing already conducted by various researchers to check the stage of development of this new technology. Taking into account this knowledge, it will be possible to make an initial approach about the actual possibilities of this technology and initiate a preliminary survey on the questions that are critical to its application in a drilling scenario in the well construction, an aggressive environment which is subject to high vibrations, high temperatures and pressures. To conclude, we present the results obtained in bench testing with device specifically built for supporting the conclusions of the dissertation. Among the most relevant aspects, we can mention the durability of the system, considering the focusing lens lifetime under the heating effects caused by the laser. Another point, it is to make an evaluation of the performance of drilling process, considering the specific energy. In summary, the ultimate goal of this dissertation is to concentrate in a single document the most current information about the use of laser drilling and present an analysis, though preliminary, about the possible improvement points that will allow the feasibility of this technology in the future.