The purpose of this dissertation is to show the results of the master s research in which it sought to highlight the genesis of the Afro-Brazilian Pastoral (PAB) and its importance in articulating against racism. The project is part of the research line of Work, Social Policies and Collective Subjects of the Postgraduate Program of the Department of Social Work of PUC Rio and the main purpose of this study is to analyze the emergence and creation of the PAB, so that it can understand their role in favor of racial equality. Having as a general objective, to understand the genesis of the Afro-Brazilian Pastoral and its action on the racial issue, as well as to identify how the guiding actions of the PAB in the racial field are constituted, what is the representation that the Afro-Brazilian identity has for its members and main protagonists of the PAB. The research was qualitative, with the perspective of answering questions that could not be quantified, being used for the same, a semistructured interview. The first chapter of the research is to describe the history of the formation of the Afro-Brazilian Pastoral, emphasizing the whole formation process of the Pastoral, emphasizing the Brotherhood Campaign of 1988, which is the historical landmark for the emergence of PAB. And in the next chapter, the research synthesizes the genesis of the Afro-Brazilian Pastoral in the perspective of the lay and religious protagonists involved with the articulations of the Pastoral. I conclude the research with the considerations of the importance that the articulation and social reflection that the PAB has, enrich the fight for racial equality.