Título: | GEOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF PRE-SALT CARBONATES IN THE SANTOS BASIN | ||||||||||||
Autor: |
CRISTIANE FERNANDES DA SILVA |
||||||||||||
Colaborador(es): |
SERGIO AUGUSTO BARRETO DA FONTOURA - Orientador |
||||||||||||
Catalogação: | 14/JUN/2017 | Língua(s): | PORTUGUESE - BRAZIL |
||||||||||
Tipo: | TEXT | Subtipo: | THESIS | ||||||||||
Notas: |
[pt] Todos os dados constantes dos documentos são de inteira responsabilidade de seus autores. Os dados utilizados nas descrições dos documentos estão em conformidade com os sistemas da administração da PUC-Rio. [en] All data contained in the documents are the sole responsibility of the authors. The data used in the descriptions of the documents are in conformity with the systems of the administration of PUC-Rio. |
||||||||||||
Referência(s): |
[pt] https://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/projetosEspeciais/ETDs/consultas/conteudo.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=30291&idi=1 [en] https://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/projetosEspeciais/ETDs/consultas/conteudo.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=30291&idi=2 |
||||||||||||
DOI: | https://doi.org/10.17771/PUCRio.acad.30291 | ||||||||||||
Resumo: | |||||||||||||
The discoveries in the pre-salt are one of the most important ones in the oil and gas industry around the world in the last decade. Drilling operations in the Brazilian pre-salt area are complex and challenging due to factors such as ultra-deep water, effect of creep in evaporite section, complex geological structure, presence of caves and vugs generating total circulation losses etc. It is estimated that the costs associated with wellbore instability problems represent about 5 to 10 percent of the drilling costs in the stages of exploration and production, generating costs around hundreds of millions of dollars a year. In this study, a wellbore stability model was built of the pre-salt area using analytical correlations to obtain a mud window. The operational window assists in optimizing the fluid weight to be used in drilling and is defined by a lower limit (pore or collapse pressure) and an upper limit (fracture gradient). In order to build the geomechanical model, eight offset well with log data, direct pressure measurements, formation integrity tests, formation temperature, and data from the world stress map were used. Sensitivity analyzes were made from uniaxial unconfined strength (UCS), Biot coefficient and magnitude of the maximum horizontal stress to evaluate model s uncertainties and estimate its variations. The geomechanical model indicates that the overburden in the carbonates of the studied area (5000 until 6140m – True Vertical Depth (TVD)) ranges from 13,6 to 14,3ppg (lb/gal). Pore pressure indicates two different behavior, presenting slightly over-pressurized (around 9,2ppg) and over-pressurized in another area (13,0ppg). The results of the formation integrity test (Leak-off tests, LOTs) were used to estimate the minimum effective stress ratio (ESRmin), a constant value around 0,65 with a minimum horizontal stress equal to 12,4ppg in the slightly overpressured zone and 13,8ppg in overpressure zone. The average values of uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) were 43MPa. The azimuth of maximum horizontal stress was estimated to be around 95NE obtained from World Stress Map. The effective maximum horizontal stress ratio (ESRmax) is ranging between 0,95 and 1,8 according to the presented scenarios and it can be concluded that the faulting stress regime is between normal and strike slip. It is estimated due to the slightly over pressured PP that the operational windows on the carbonates have as lower limits values from 10,5 to 11,1ppg and as higher limits values from 12,3 to 12,6ppg. In the area with PP abnormally pressurized the operational window to the carbonates phase is between 13,3 to 13,8ppg. The present research also discusses the uncertainties associated to the absence of available data and the constitutive models used.
|
|||||||||||||
|