This thesis aims at investigating the marks of female gender inscription through poems written by women between the years 1980 to 2012 in the context of the contemporary Western world Judeo-Christian matrix, based on theories of Empirical Science of Literature, the Radical Constructivism and the Study of Neuroscience. Investigates the portrait of the muse in poetry on a journey through time and this contrasts the mellow tone of the lyrical voices of Brazilian poets such as Darcy Denófrio France (Jataí - Goiás), Lilia Pereira da Silva (Itapira - Sao Paulo), Rachel Naveira (Field Great - Mato Grosso do Sul), Valéria Villela (Rio de Janeiro - RJ) and the Portuguese poets: Ana Luisa Amaral (Porto), Agnes Lawrence (Porto) and Maria Teresa Horta (Lisbon). It denounces the invisibility of woman writer in the literature system responsible for the choices of the writers who excel in anthologies and important awards as Jabuti in Brazil and Camões in Portugal. It makes clear the fact that although her books do not circulate in literary circles, they exist and this justify their participation in the official canon which until then reserves female writers a much smaller parcel than to the male writers. In his corpus brings concepts such as observers of second order and linguajante subject from Maturana and Varela; the relationships between the management of life and homeostatic processes responsible for the survival of the conscious mind, present in Neuroscience with Damasio and his studies on the issues of self, the emergence of the self autobiographic responsible for giving the brain a spiritual self that gives the human sense of their identity and make us understand the social inscription of gender that is rooted since childhood in all social subjects and leaves deep marks as those found during the investigation of the lyric voice in the poems and their recurring themes such as confession, marriage, culture, repression, sexuality, full of the feeling of oppression of the individual woman behind the lyrical voice. In this investigation we also present concepts worked from studies of researchers such as Ernest von Glasersfeld, Michel Foucault, Norbert Elias, Siegfried Schmidt, Stuart Hall, Wilhelm Reich, to name the most relevant.