Geopolymers may be described as stable and synthesized aluminosilicate materials whose properties presented in previous studies suggest several advantages when compared to materials based on Portland cement, such as, high initial strength and good performance when exposed to elevated temperatures. This work presents an experimental study about the mechanical behavior of geopolymeric matrices reinforced with bi-directional jute fabrics under controlled lab conditions and high temperatures. Geopolymers based on metakaolin, silica and blast furnace slag were produced with different types of aggregates (sand and chamotte). Compression, tensile and flexural tests were performed in order to determine the mechanical response of different matrices and composites, along with their cracking behavior, before and after exposure to high temperatures. The fiber-matrix interface was also analyzed by pullout tests. All composites exhibited strain/deflection-hardening and multiple cracking behavior. In general, the matrix containing slag and sand showed higher strengths. Silica matrices and combinations of the metacaulim matrix with alternative aggregates showed an increase in the composites toughness, allowing a higher temperature tolerance. XRD, TGA and SEM were used to investigate the chemical and microstructural characteristics of the studied materials.