This research is aimed at analyzing how images have been used by different instances of power with the intention of attending purposes of political and, consequently, ideological character since the beginning of the Middle Ages until the times of late capitalism. Our intention is to show to what extent images have been planned to be implemented at different moments as if they could assume a visual impartiality on reality, without them being noticed as instruments of control. That is, an instrument of political control through which a dominant culture represents the world, makes it present and acts upon it. From the critics on the construction of the myth about image in history we understand that the image has tended to deny its real inception and its nature as an object which has been fabricated to affirm itself almost as an artifact which is consubstantial to its sacred prototype. Far from what we may call impartiality, we must take into consideration that images exercise a sophisticated form of social control from its usage on account of politics directed to a particular ideological stance of the dominant culture in a certain time. For this reason we believe that images have been and continue to be used as a propagandistic tool in the process of legitimating the hegemonic culture. We point out that the political struggle is an effort over the power of representation, over the acknowledgement of the forms of legitimate representation and symbolic control. Symbolic power is the economic, political, and cultural power that is in position of making itself recognized and obtaining recognition. Therefore, our proposition stands on the discussion of the symbolic meaning of the graphic image as a fundamental code that is run by the domination instances aimed at controlling the masses according to the particular ideology of their historical time. By domination instances we suppose the Field of Design, which, through principles and specific patterns, consolidates images that attend society as a whole. In this sense, our research highlights the manner through which representations of knowledge are organized on society,demonstrating that this implies incorporating to our analysis all aspects of the organizations of which they are made including bureaucratic structures, financial power, visual culture, and professional codes: that is, all economical, cultural and political conditions of development and access which determine what and in which manner an image will be represented to society.