The focus of analysis in this dissertation is to observe those variables within Israel that can restrict the decisions on the external field, in the context of the peace negotiations with the Palestine Liberation Organization. In this light, the evaluation of the Israeli political structure indicates that proportional representation and the interaction between the executive and the legislative can affect its foreign policy. Besides, an examination of the different positions on Israel s security taken by the governments of Ytzhak Rabin and Shimon Peres and that of Benjamin Netanyahu reveals a polarization between those favorable to the State of Israel following the demarcations of internationally accepted frontiers as a guarantee of its security and democracy and the defenders of extending sovereignty over the places corresponding to the Land of Israel (the historical Jewish homeland). This discussion reflects the controversy about the territories occupied by that country as a result of the Six Day War in 1967 and, in this sense, it was also considered to what extent the different standards of behavior of those governments, founded on a certain political culture, underscored the choices on Israel s foreign policy and its security.