The purpose of this dissertation is investigate the modes of discursive composition of the Portuguese Chronicles of the Fifteenth century and of the Sixteenth century. The historical discourse presented by the chroniclers Gomes Eanes de Zurara, João de Barros and Fernão Lopes de Castanheda, composed rhetorically for apply moral and social conventions, compose the behaviors and dignity of the represented individuals in the narratives. The chronicle, as a narrative of the res gestae, comprise the epochal conception of history as a memory, a monument and a place of celebration of facts worthy for history. These are facts are related a regime of truth and veridiction of the honesty of individuals. These reputations are be construed through the allegory, of the metaphor and the figuration. These forms of representation, according with the representation concept of Sixteenth century, was building of the truth and verisimilitude of the historical narrative, made from the category rhetoric of the ekhprasis and evidentia. As a morality tale, whose usefulness are be recognized in providing examples of virtues and vices, to avoid and followed by individuals linked to the master class, chronic served the common good of the kingdom. Connected discourse rhetoric and theology, politics, history, in the fifteenth, sixteenth and seventeenth centuries serves as an artificial memory of the collective heritage of the community, followed by a celebration and amplification.