This dissertation aims to analyze the importance of the Community Service Penalty as a form of Alternative Penalty and its benefits, as for inmates as the community and society. For this, we started the discussion by drawing a picture of social and historical types of penalties since the ancient history until the present day, showing their actual political and economic functions in diverse societies. We analyze the Sentencing Alternative Measures showing its implementation process in Brazilian laws and the distinction between the two expressions. We present how the Sentencing Alternative Measures are applied and how was the installation of the Community Service Penalty on the Sentencing and Alternative Measures Centre in the town of Duque de Caxias, where the field research was conducted. Therefore, the guiding elements of the research are the limitations and the possibilities related to the accomplishment and the effectiveness of the Community Services Penalty, as well as the analysis of the partner institutions that participated directly in the realization of this type of penalty. Finally, we analyze the contribution of Social Service over the Community Service Penalty, presenting the historical process of their integration into the Judicial System, how these sentences are monitored daily, and what is the attitude of the Social Service about this theme.