The present work makes an analysis of alternative ways of work and income, organized by social entrepreneurship projects, provides to those people that participates of the productive groups a kind of social citizenship. It begins with the premise that this kind of citizenship is not bounded to the State normative, considering that it is a kind of citizenship that meet specifics demands of each group in their places of residences. They are demands that neither the State nor the market resolve, being mainly on account of NGOs that work in these places: popular areas (slums and outskirts of the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro). However, this work checks three fundamental aspects to discuss the issue of social entrepreneurship: the urban socio-space organization, the quality of citizenship of those who inhabit the popular spaces and the opportunities and challenges of social entrepreneurship front of productive restructuring in the world of work.