The real operationality of the criminal system highlights a broad system of social control and pressure over popular classes, in favor of the politic and economic elites and in order to facilitate the reproduction of the hierarchized, verticalized and disciplined power relations which are inherent to the capitalist model, translating its individualist and extremely egoist aspect. The result of this operationality is a selective and illegitimate penal system, which creates criminality from lawsuits that fall over the vulnerable subaltern social classes, making them play the role of delinquents. The reconstruction of the legitimacy of the penal law depends on the reconstruction of the market- capitalist model itself, from the subaltern classes- point of view. It also depends on the implementation of a tripod: participative democracy, plentiful effectiveness of the human rights and fair and balanced social development. From the social reconstruction, the reconstruction of the penal law will come under the orientation of constitutional principles of minimal intervention and proportionality. This would keep the penal law responsible only for answers to very severe violations of the human rights. The reconstruction of legitimacy of the penal law goes through a drastic reform of penal law and process penal law, of the police, juridical and educational institutions, it also goes through the reasonable control of mass media, the extreme reduction of the use of detention law sentences, replacing them by alternative models for effective solution of the conflict generated by crime, including those capable of making individual isolated reactions in political consciousness and action.