Evaluating the role of the Freudian concept of death drive in the psychoanalytic theory, some of the important effects of the death drive are taken into account, not only for the conception of the subject but also for the social formations, once amongst the drives of the Freudian subject, the destructiveness of Thanatos is present in the process of constitution of subjectivity and of the object world. Formulated only in 1920 by Sigmund Freud in his article entitled Beyond the principle of the pleasure, the concept of death drive is the crown of a series of important modifications in Freudian drive theory which inaugurate destructivity as a irreducible element of the human soul. It is a radically new element that is a part of an important transformation in metapsychology. The proposal of the death drive is one of the elements of a new conceptual field which is constructed since 1920, which includes: masochism and superego as primary, compulsion to repetition, and the basic function of the unconscious guilt feelings in the life in civilization, that can take into account clinical and social phenomena that had questioned the theory that was in use previously.