Sports management is a very attractive and not very explored area for applications of Operations Research. Problems in this area use to have simple formulations and reach a big coveragge by the media. Although their formulations are simple, in general these problems are difficult to be solved in computational terms. The results of many academic works in this area have been accepted as solutions for real problems and some solutions are being implemented. This thesis has the main objective of studying two types of problems that appear in the sports area: the fixture creation and the qualification problems. Fixture creation (also known as sport scheduling) for sport competitions is a difficult task, in which several combinatorial optimization techniques has been applied. In this thesis, the Mirrored Traveling Tournament Problem is formulated as a graph optmization problem. The problem is solved using approximation algorithms. Two heuristics are introduced for this problem. The first one is very fast and is used to supply initial solutions for the second one which is able to obtain high quality solutions in reasonable computation times. Dual limits are deduced for a particular type of instances. These limits allow to prove the optimality of the heuristically abtained solutions for instances that are much bigger than those soved in the literature. Finally, an integer programming model is introduced in wich valid inequalities are added. The qualification problems aim to obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the playoffs qualification of a given team in terms of the number of points to be obtained. Integer programming models are introduced which allow solving these problems in the context of the Brazilian Football Championship.