This paper sets out to reflect on the historical retrospective of Didactics and its contribution in the training of the educator. It draws together some considerations on how it has evolved from the 17th century with Comenius and his "Didactica Magna", through the Jesuits with their famous education plan "Ratio Studiorum", and how it was adapted to local reality, and from there to the Empire and the First Republic, at which time the Church continued, basically, with the control of educational institutions the function of which was to reproduce the ideology of the ruling class. After the 1st World War, the new world conditions of political and economic life were reflected in Brazil, which determined a reorientation of the educational processes and, consequently, Didactics fell under these influences and has had to cope with them up to the present day. It is perceived that, in order to teach in the new millennium, paradigmatic changes and pedagogical conceptions will be more intensely required. It is important to take into consideration that the context of transforming society is not only the classroom and the school but is to be found beyond the walls of educational institutions. Therefore to link work in the classroom with social transformation is fundamental to inducing the process of renovation in education.