Thiomersal is an organomercury compound used as a preservative in vaccines. Its degradation under exposure to visible light or UV produces thiosalicylic acid, dithiobenzoic acid and ethylmercury. The inclusion of thiomersal in vaccine compositions is controversial, as some studies indicate its correlation with neurotoxicity, , however, other investigations emphasize its safety. The objective of this study was to evaluate the degree of degradation of thiomersal under the influence of light, pH, temperature and packaging material, by comparing three analytical techniques. Additionally, the effect of vaccine excipients was evaluated. An investigation was conducted, initially by UV-vis molecular absorption spectrophotometry, regarding photo-exposure and the presence of excipients. To support the reliability of the results, statistical tests were performed. To analyze the formation of ultra-trace amounts of mercury species (ethylmercury and inorganic mercury), highly sensitive techniques such as atomic absorption and atomic fluorescence spectrometry coupled to gas chromatography were used. The results revealed degradation of thiomersal under UV exposure. The presence of excipients during photoirradiation demonstrated varying effects on the stability of thiomersal, with some excipients favoring degradation. Furthermore, the container material was relevant and variations in temperature and pH did not significantly affect stability. Therefore, thiomersal remained stable in most tests involving real vaccine storage conditions. These findings contribute to the understanding of preservative behavior in the face of potential factors that influence its stability, supporting the development and storage of vaccines, ensuring their efficacy and safety.