Due to the acoustoelastic effect, Ultrasonic Guided Waves (UGWs) have been used to estimate mechanical stress in a non-expensive and nondestructively fashion. Machine Learning (ML) has been applied to map complex waveforms to stress estimates, though important aspects, such as accuracy and hardware consumption, have not been explored. Previously in the literature, there are also not many works on the use of unsupervised learning for automatic labeling of samples with different stress states. Therefore, this thesis presents two approaches, (i) the supervised approach aims to propose a data modeling methodology that optimizes accuracy and computational implementation, for real-time ultrasonic based stress estimation and (ii) the unsupervised approach aims at comparing unsupervised frameworks to label a small dataset according to the stress state. For the former, shallow and deep learning models with dimensionality reduction were evaluated, these models are created and tested using a Monte-Carlo holdout procedure to evaluate their robustness under different stress conditions. The results show that, using shallow models and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), an accuracy improvement and hardware consumption as compared to the state of the art reported with deep neural network models were obtained. For the latter, dimensionality reduction methods: PCA and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE), are used to extract features from UGWs signals with different stress levels. The features are used to group the samples into low, medium and high stress states. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of the results was performed. Considering the analysis of metrics for clustering, PCA performed the best clustering, qualitatively, showing less overlapping of clusters than t-SNE. The two approaches used in this thesis, managed to extract meaningful features which helped in both estimation and stress labeling, contributing to the creation of more efficient ML models and in the problem of interpreting UGWs.