The project of autonomy is the main guide line to this work, in line with the ideas of Cornelius Castoriadis and Boaventura de Souza Santos. In search of autonomy, we have followed the trend set by the lessons of Psychoanalysis about the human being s individual development turning around the idea of socialization. The modern paradigm s crisis of decay has also been discussed, as well as its reflexes on law, more specifically on the idea of modern law. Even if the modern paradigm is considered to be efficient, it has been incapable of contributing to both social and individual autonomy because it is based on a wrong anthropological concept, which deals with humans as if they were machines. The contempt for the radical and social-historic imagery has resulted in the heteronomy of both modern man and contemporary societies. Although the hegemonic concept of democracy is the model example of social imagery, it has contributed to heteronomy, since it stresses the importance of representative democracy, that is to say, liberal democracy, based on Schumpeterian principles which increasingly reinforce mass political illiteracy and reproduce heteronomy. The search for a new approach to subject, to law and democracy has guided this study in order to contribute to the establishment of foundations upon which autonomous society may stand.