The Anthropocene, which entails the recognition of the impact of human activity on the planet, has been a crucial point of transdisciplinary debate. This thesis intervenes in the theorization about the Anthropocene in International Relations (IR) by arguing for the importance of including a criticism of production in those efforts. Casting production as a central historical determination for understanding our current predicament, and positioning labor and technology as crucial topics is an important theoretical e political move because it enables the establishment of a common ground between environmental and labor struggles. First, we clarify the connection between the Anthropocene and production, arguing how neglecting it blunts the critical edge of critical approaches within IR. This claim is made through a dialogue with the concept of metabolism as advanced in Marxist Ecology, emphasizing labor as metabolic activity, that is, a socially mediated form of relating to nature. Second, we foreground how those interactions with nature are not only always partial, but mediated by tools, machines and other apparatuses. We run against conceptions of technology that cast it as the expression of certain ideas of matter, opting to see machinery as a conurbation of flows that condenses mutating social divisions of labor and whose materiality, since the Industrial Revolution, is particularly based on how they split and manage energy and information. Looking at that split allows a synthetic narration of the technological trajectory in which the Anthropocene emerges and casts it as a regime of information and energy. Last, we end by entertaining the hypothesis of communism as the collective management of alienation. Alienation appears not as estrangement from a creative potential we share with nature, but as the ambivalent capacity of the human and of nature to create things from which we lose control and may come to determine us, changing what both human and nature mean. While capitalism is a specific mode of alienation based on value production that generates specific determinations, communism appears as the collective experimental remaking of our social organization of production, an unfinishable task that while performed changes how the human and nature are determined by production.