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Estatísticas | Formato DC |



Título: REDISCOVERING ETHOLOGY: FROM THE BIOLOGICAL STUDY OF ANIMAL BEHAVIOR TO THE ACT OF APPREHENSION OF THE DIFFERENT ANIMAL ALTERITIES IN THEIR OWN-WORLDS
Autor: CAROLINA ALVES D ALMEIDA
Instituição: PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO - PUC-RIO
Colaborador(es):  DEBORAH DANOWSKI - ADVISOR
Nº do Conteudo: 52022
Catalogação:  05/04/2021 Idioma(s):  PORTUGUESE - BRAZIL
Tipo:  TEXT Subtipo:  THESIS
Natureza:  SCHOLARLY PUBLICATION
Nota:  Todos os dados constantes dos documentos são de inteira responsabilidade de seus autores. Os dados utilizados nas descrições dos documentos estão em conformidade com os sistemas da administração da PUC-Rio.
Referência [pt]:  https://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/colecao.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=52022@1
Referência [en]:  https://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/colecao.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=52022@2
Referência DOI:  https://doi.org/10.17771/PUCRio.acad.52022

Resumo:
The Science, Technology and Society (STS) studies and the social and cultural studies of the sciences have opened up new ontological and epistemological spaces that question modern universalist epistemology, revealing the controversies and networks of connections involved in the development of different scientific disciplines previously obscured by modernity. Based on these perspectives, this thesis aims to elucidate the controversies and historical, ontological and epistemological particularities in the development of animal behavior studies, since they have developed from interdisciplinary dialogues and the dissolution of borders between local and scientific knowledge. It is intended to discuss the different apprehensions of animal alterities from the studies of animal behavior, and their relations with other types of poetic looks on animals. The advent of ethology paved the way for new insights into the social, cognitive, and subjective capacities of nonhuman animals under field conditions. These new insights have elicited critical reflections about the animal mind, confronted modern cartesian, mechanistic, and functional ideas of animals like machines or insensitive automata and transformed relations between humans and nonhuman animals. The interdisciplinary and multi-methodological character that ethology assumed in the course of its development in the twentieth century as a biological and evolutionary study of behavior, enabled the dialogue between the biological sciences and the social sciences, as well as allowed the crossing of borders between humanity and animality. Although Konrad Lorenz, Nikolaas Tinbergen and Karl von Frisch are considered by the (Monumental) History of Sciences as the legitimate founders of ethology, there is still controversy about its origin and constitution as a scientific discipline, since ethology was already spoken since before Charles Darwin, who was already writing about the evolutionary dimension of animal behavior in the nineteenth century. Before its consolidation as a scientific discipline in the twentieth century, ethology was (re) defined through different perspectives (behaviorism, american comparative psychology, european objectivist ethology, vitalist ethology, among others) constituting a peculiar trajectory as multidimensional science. Among the controversies and particularities, the present thesis emphasizes the relation of mutual respect and rivalry between two important founders of the discipline: Konrad Lorenz and Jakob von Uexkull. Uexkull influenced significantly Lorenz s ideas about animal behavior and subjectivity. However, this influence ended in a rivalry, given the different epistemological and political positions between the German evolutionist Darwinist and the Estonian vitalist. In the escape lines of the History and Epistemology of the Sciences, it is important to consider that Uexkull, unknown to many today s ethologists, with his theory of the own-worlds (Umwelt) and neovitalist perspective, recognized animals as subjects, revolutionizing knowledge about action and perception of animals. And it is possible that Lorenz later recognized the animals as subjects based on Uexkull s reflections. With these reflections, the present thesis aims to explain how ethology has developed in a non-linear and multiple way, incorporating different perspectives, concepts and methodologies throughout its history. In other words, we will discuss the different ontological and epistemological paths and escape lines routes in animal behavior studies that have turned ethology into a biossocial and frontier science with a non-factual history that encompasses different dimensions, methods, concepts, practices, disciplines and objects.

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