On the search of new chemotherapeutic agents differing from the classic cisplatin family drugs, aroylhydrazonic derivatives and their copper(II) complexes appear as promising compounds. This thesis reports on the design and syntheses of a novel combination of them through eight new aroylhydrazones and their fourteen perchlorate and/or acetate Cu2-complexes 1‒14. The obtained bioinspired copper(II) complexes constitute structural models for the active sites of some type 3 copper enzymes. The compounds were fully characterized using various spectroscopic and analytical techniques. X-ray diffraction structures for four ligands and five complexes are described in detail. Compounds stability was studied in cellular medium and their biological activity was examined. The results include a large study on the interaction of two thiophene (H3L1) or furan (H3L2) ligand derivatives and their respective μ-hydroxo dicopper complexes 1 and 2 (first set of compounds) respectively, with bovine serum albumin protein and calf thymus DNA using different spectroscopic techniques, which include the binding affinity to BSA and DNA using UV/Visible and/or fluorescence techniques. Additionally, scattering techniques revealed that the interaction between the compounds and BSA induces reversible aggregation of the biomolecules. As an important contribution of the present work, the plasmid DNA cleavage ability of the complexes 1 and 2 was studied by Dynamic Light Scattering. The changes of hydrodynamic radius values of pBR322 plasmid DNA are correlated to the nick induced by the complexes in the helices. Cytotoxic assays on some cancer cells revealed the high ability of H3L1 and H3L2, and complexes 1 and 2 to induce cell death. On the other hand, the many biological properties, including anticancer activity, of the isoxazole molecule, motivated the inclusion of this moiety in two ligands H3L3 and H2L4 and four complexes 3‒6 (second set of compounds). Interaction of these isoxazole-aroylhydrazonic ligand derivatives with DNA was directly studied by absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy, as a result of the fluorescence properties displayed by the ligands. In the case of the isoxazole-aroylhydrazonic complexes-DNA interaction, the ethidium bromide displacement assay revealed significant affinity by intercalation binding mode of the nucleic acid in the DNA sequence. Additionally, this work successfully demonstrated that ligands and complexes containing a phenol pendant arm instead of a pyridine one improve the in vitro cytotoxicity on human epithelial breast cancer cells, attaining nanomolar range. Metal chelation and transmetallation ability of binucleating ligands H3L3 and H2L4 and their copper complexes 3‒6 with Fe(II), Fe(III) and Zn(II) from the biological medium was verified as an additional cell death induction anticancer strategy. Moreover, to study the interaction of the compounds with the biological system and to demonstrate their cell permeability, ligands (H3L5‒H3L7) and complexes (7‒12) were functionalized in their hydrazone moieties with potent fluorophores, such pyrene (H3L5) (set three of compounds), benzopyranothiophene (H3L6), or boron-dipyrromethene (H3L7) derivatives (set four of compounds). Fluorescence microscopy studies proved the presence of ligand H3L7 inside cancer cells, proving its ability to pass through the cell membrane. Besides, co-localization analysis for organelles showed the affinity of this ligand for the mitochondria. Finally, motived by the wide spectrum of biological properties of the isoniazid molecule and its use in chemotherapy, this thesis reports the syntheses, characterization and cytotoxicity studies on cancer cells of a new isonicotinoyl hydrazone ligand (H2L8) and its perchlorate or acetate copper(II) complexes 13 and 14 (set five of compounds), which are involved in a patent request.