Polarization is one of the main features of the cycle of protests experienced by Brazil since 2013. In this exploratory thesis, we seek to understand its roots, through dialogue with members of the Free Pass Movement (Movimento Passe Livre), which triggered the June 2013 demonstrations, and the Free Brazil Movement (Movimento Brasil Livre), one of the protagonists of the demonstrations for the impeachment of Dilma Rousseff between 2015 and 2016. In addition, members of two French movements are interviewed: as in Brazil, there is a leftist movement, Nuit Debout, and one on the right, La Manif pour Tous. The interviews are articulated around the interpretation of the activists regarding the categories liberty, equality and fraternity, with particular attention to the relationship of these concepts with reciprocal tolerance. The analysis is carried out through the theoretical-methodological apparatus of sociology of experience, by François Dubet, based on the assumption that the actors are capable of reflexivity. In addition to providing knowledge of four different political identities within the left-right spectrum, the comparison of the interviews shows that the actors, despite clear differences, have in common the general dissatisfaction with the political establishment, but are ambiguous about the legitimacy of their opponents.