Between 2014 and 2016 there were three meetings of Pope Francis with leaders of the Popular Movements, organized at the request of the Pontiff. These meetings, analyzed here, are a novelty and are an expression of the new paradigm that Pope Francis establishes in the Social Doctrine of the Church, where the Preferential Option for the Poor emerges as a central element in the perspective developed by the Latin American Episcopate from Medellín to Aparecida. According to this perspective, the Option for the Poor has two central elements. The fi rst is that which deals with the change of social place, the identification with the eyes of the poor, their sufferings, joys and desires, and the second refers to creating conditions for the poor to emerge as ecclesial and social subjects, in order to become the subject of evangelization and the protagonist of the necessary social changes. In this perspective, for Pope Francis the Social Movements are part of Civil Society and through them the poor constitute fundamental subjects of the necessary social transformations that lead to an overcoming of the current globalized economy that, according to the Pope, Mata, Excludes and Destroys the Mother Earth, turning money into an idol to which everything must be sacrificed.