This dissertation is an historical analysis of the conception of education through art that is present in the project of the modern art museum - the Museo de la Solidaridad - Chile, 1971-1973. The analysis focuses on the ideas of Mario Pedrosa, art critic and leading intellectual behind the initiative. How can we construct an historical translation of elements of the cultural environment of Salvador Allende s government (Chile, 1970-1973)? This possibility implies considering this museum as an experience, in Benjamin s sense, i.e. as a central element of a tradition that is nothing more than a narrative that organizes representations on the order of life, time and space. As much as tradition denotes a sense of continuity, it can, in Walter Benjamin s perspective, be understood in a subversive and revolutionary manner, by awakening, in the present, disruptive elements in the given order, through an interpretation of the writing of history as active work, not merely description. Therefore, an objective of this dissertation is to investigate the possibility of the fine arts being conceived today as a vector of a holistic educational experience, weaving a parallel between this possibility and the attempts, experienced in the Chile of Salvador Allende s government, to realize the old dream of the historical vanguards: to merge art and life through the construction of a new aesthetic and ethical horizon for humanity.