The present dissertation aims to evaluate a set of deep learning (DL) techniques for crop mapping from multitemporal sequences of SAR images. Three methods were considered in this study: Autoencoders (AEs), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Fully Convolutional Networks (FCNs). The analysis was based on two databases containing image sequences generated by the Sentinel-1A. The first database covers a temperate region that presents a comparatively simpler dynamics, and second database of a tropical region that represents a scenario with complex dynamics. In all cases, a Random Forest (RF) classifier operating on texture features derived from co-occurrence matrices was used as baseline. For the temperate region, DL techniques consistently produced better results than the RF approach, with AE being the best one in almost all experiments. In the tropical region the DL approaches performed similar to RF, alternating as the best performing one for different experimental setups. By and large, CNNs achieved the best or next to the best performance in all experiments. Although the FCNs have performed well, the full potential was not fully exploited in our experiments, mainly due to the difficulty of balancing the number of training samples among the crop types. The dissertation also proposes two post-processing strategies that exploit prior knowledge about the crop dynamics in the target site. Experiments have shown that such techniques can significantly improve the recognition accuracy, in particular for less abundant crops.