The present thesis studies the discursive construction of a school-place in a municipal teaching institution located in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro. At the same time, a discussion is held about the concepts of identity, place and fiction to show how their overlap may contribute to advances in qualitative research. The ethnographically inspired study works on data generated in 2015 and 2016 with students aged between 14 and 17 years old. The analysis is divided into three sections related to three types of data. The first one comprises texts of ethnographic inspiration written by the students and analyzed according to the anthropological notion of place; the second brings ethnographic photographs and excerpts from conversations with the student-photographers focusing on their emerging identity issues. Finally, fictional narratives set in the school are analyzed in order to highlight the possible contributions of this type of imaginative production to qualitative research. All the theoretical bases and analyses were interdisciplinarily constructed using poststructuralist theories of language, philosophy and anthropology. The analysis evidenced the pragmatic concreteness of the discursive construction of the school-place and its influence in the everyday relations at school. Moreover, this thesis, in content and form, brings the discourse as a profitable arena appeasing the real dichotomy (understood as truth) and fiction (understood as farce). The observations made in this work indicate that, understood as a complex anthropological place, the school gains contours and reveals nuances important to the work in education, both from a pedagogical and a political point of view. Finally, they point to the need for greater investment in a real dialogue between different areas of the human sciences as a means to strengthen and democratize the knowledge produced in qualitative research.