It is important to determine silicon and aluminum at different levels in crude oils because of trace amounts of these elements may produce adverse effects in oil refining either by causing corrosion or by contaminating and affecting the quality of the refined products. Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF) was used to enable a reliable method for determination of Si and Al in crude oil, where these elements are found mainly in the form of solid aluminosilicate particles dispersed in the sample. Since the analytes could not be determined directly in the oil without interference, the fusing the crude oil samples was made using lithium tetraborate. Then, the fused samples were placed in the center of 10 mm diameter filter paper that were sandwiched between two polypropylene film foils and attached to the instrument cell for measurements. Quantification was made by using analytical curves in the concentration range from 0 to 40 mg kg (-1) (for both elements) in the final fused material. The method developed did not suffer from matrix effect once the sample matrix was completely decomposed and the sample solution dried in the substrate before measurements. The results for the elements were statistically comparable to the ones obtained by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). In addition, for proficiency test samples, the results were in accordance to the ones reported by ASTM proficiency programs. Real samples of oil provided by Petrobras Company also were analyzed. Recoveries were achieved between 71 and 100 percent for different samples, which can be considerable satisfactory because of the difficulty in determine those elements. The limits of quantification (10 times the standard deviation. N = 10) found for silicon and aluminum in the oil were of 0.7 and 1.1 mg kg (-1), respectively, showing the potential of the proposed method to screen for samples with higher amounts of these elements.