This article proposes an analysis of 2Cor 3,1-18. The question to be addressed concerns the Pauline s ministry and its reception among the Corinthians. In this respect not only the need arises for defense, of the apostle, of his ministry, but it aims to guide the Corinthians to a better understanding of their participation in the economy of the new covenant. The exegetical approach follows the rhetoric-literary analysis. With a pastoral approach, Paul proposes a structured argumentation and uses literary devices, typical of the art of oratory. A particularized analysis, considering each micro-unit text - separately and as part of whole dispositio - will be developed, focus on the internal organization of the pericope: subpropositio-ratio (vv. 1. 2-3), argumentatio I (vv. 4-6. 7-11), argumentatio II (vv. 12-17), peroratio (v. 18). And also the identification of the presence of several rhetorical devices (antithetical buildings, amplificatio, figures of speech) used by the Apostle in the text composition, that are relevant to understand the rhetorical unity. The conclusion will establish the prevalent gender rhetorical in the pericope, making clear the perspective and Paul s goal to address the issue. The most representative themes of the text, of great theological density, are condensed into three interrelated areas: Ministry of the New Covenant, Pneumatology and ecclesiology.