The work entitled Historical confabulation in contemporary literary texts wants to reflect about the various aspects of intercambial relationship between history and literature in contemporary metafictional production. In sociological perspective, were listed possible themes, forms and styles of literary texts in the history of the country from which these texts originate. Literary examples chosen in this work question and rehearse written history outside the traditional lines of cause and effect and reproduction of the classic literary realism. Its narrative texture presents itself in a caleidoscopial form when working identity and ideological stratification precisely in a disparate manner. However, this does not means that such literature whose themes addressing history may dispense this real because of its crisis of representation as the emergence of narrative possibilities offers new aspects of reality which, linked to the story without being guided by it, just reverberate that excess as the focal point of their written production. The analysis of the contemporary production held in Portugal through some key authors (as José Saramago, António Lobo Antunes and José Cardoso Pires) identified different paradigms of historical fable in contemporary literary texts. The literature scrutinized here seems to reveal the rampant urge to revise its own history in this diversity of discursive practices of literary history reconstruction. In this articulation emerged all the aesthetic-literary and critical-political potential of a writing which, from a metaficcional point of view, represents issues concerning both its process - ways to tell a story based on the narrative structure of fictional character – and its goals – the discussion of ideological issues underlying motivation of these writers.