Starting from the theoretical studies that address the conjugality and contemporaneity and concepts of psychoanalytic theory, this study aimed to investigate the representations of family and motherhood, in view of the transformation of the female subjectivity today. The context of postmodernity and globalization appears as a backdrop to reflect on the ideas of family, love, female world and psychic representation of children for women. The main question was to understand how married women deal with the absence of children in the context of the reconfiguration of the role of women in contemporary society. The study informants were nine heterosexual women living with their partners within the state of Rio de Janeiro, aged among 42 and 54 years old, married at least for five years and without children. A qualitative methodology, based on interviews with semi-structured questions, which included relevant issues in order to achieve the proposed objectives, was used. And for the evaluation of the collected material it was used content analysis method, as proposed by Bardin (2010). The results pointed to two main sets of issues that are intertwined in complex ways .The first highlights the fact that, in the context of changes in society and, consequently, the role of women, not having children does not mean a failure in being a woman project, but rather a defensible choice. On the other hand, the second points out that, despite all the changes and new family arrangements, the question and the dilemma of to be or not to be mother still attend as central to female subjectivity, and often, the feeling of love still harnessed to the romantic standard, leading to perceive children as essential to the marital bliss model.