Analysis of river systems are very important in understanding the geomorphological evolution of the landscape because they have characteristics, either in your arrangement or distribution channels, which enable the development of the episodes that have occurred over time. The break of the Gondwana Continent and its many events to the consolidation of Southeast Continental Rift resulted in a significant change in Southeast relief and hence the drainage systems. This promoted the reorganization of drainage systems and a new hydro-erosive dynamic by lowered the base level in the eastern portion of the continent with the consolidation of the Cenozoic RCS. Given the above, it was selected as a case study the basin of the Grande River in Rio de Janeiro with the main objective to understand the process of geomorphological evolution of the basin, from the drainage network organization and basic features of the front basin to events geological formation and structure of the bedrock. The methodology is based on office work, field and subsequent analysis of the data generated. These procedures were aimed at understanding the evolution of relief in the Rio Grande basin based on the correlation between geological and geomorphological aspects of the organization of its river system. It can be inferred that the geomorphological evolution of the Grande River basin was influenced by multiple tectonic events to the consolidation of RCS. The data demonstrate strong control of bedrock in relief morphology and orientation of the drainage system. The results of the guidelines of drainage flows demonstrate large number of rivers in the NE and NW directions. It is believed that the region corresponded to an extensive plateau higher than the current altitude, and river system with predominant direction north-west / north. The evolution of the Rio Grande basin was through the advancement of the Atlantic drainages on the old Plateau Southeast, through remontant erosion and controlled by the basic level.