The ignorance of the laity of their Christian identity demonstrates the lack of awareness of their role in the Church and the world. And the disengagement of their mission and their testimony both ecclesial and social. All the baptized are called to form the one people of God. Cooperator are the mission of Jesus in their triple task of priest, prophet and king, and should become his witnesses in the world. The initial step was to search for an understandig of the contributions of the Ecumenical Council Vatican II regarding the identity and mission of the laity. Then the discussion followed the steps of the Latin America Conference of Bishops of that occured in the wake of Vatican II: Medellín, Puebla and Santo Domingo. In conclusion, the Document of the Fifth Conference of Episcopado Latin America and the Caribbean was used as a prop for a forward thinking on the identity and mission of the laity in the Church and the world. It was addressed both thought developed by the Church from Vatican II, as the search for new paths showing at the same time, the ground and the dynamics of ecclesial action.