The core object of this work is the political subject favela woman. It is assumed that this theoretical concept represents a subject that is collective by nature, historically dated and geo-politically circumscribed. From the historical point of view, the political subject favela woman emerged, mainly, from the 1990 s onwards, in a context known as globalization and it is geopolitically referred to the social-spatial segregation territories named favelas (or perceived as communities) in Rio de Janeiro. This work s research question is: Who is the political subject favela woman? The goals of this study are: 1) to learn who they are and what makes them different from other women who live in the favelas; 2) to describe how, why and by which means they turn themselves into such a political subject within their territories, and 3) to deepen the knowledge about their social role, their territorial management functions and their social meanings as such. The conceptual support of this work has been built by the appropriation of the concepts of territory and territoriality from Geography; identity from the anthropological field and an ontological discussion about the favela woman based on the contributions of the feminist debate, particularly about the back woman in Brazil. From the epistemological point of view, we adopted the subaltern s testimony as the main documental base, from which we extracted evidences about the synergies observed in the life stories of 15 research collaborators. All of them are favela woman who represents 15 favelas of Rio de Janeiro, where they belong. The conclusions points out to the solidarity as her major ethical value and for the urgency of a radical socio-political transformation as the core line of her political struggle.