In the last decades, the agribusiness model consolidated in Paraguay with a broad participation of foreign economic forces, especially, of Brazilian origin, giving way to a peculiar structure, with specific social and political implications. The main purpose of this dissertation is to discuss about the role of those Brazilian capitals, entrepreneurs and farmers in the development of agribusiness in Paraguay. To that end, the study departs from a general perspective, locating the phenomenon in the context of the expansion of the capitalist agriculture (or agribusiness) at a world level, which allows us to advance towards a more complete understanding about the causes and characteristics of the Brazilian presence in Paraguay. Such an approach is inspired by assumptions from the dependency theories – mainly, from its Marxist view and from the premises regarding the phenomenon of subimperialism - that consider that the economic development of Latin-American countries is strongly determined by the development of the world (capitalist) economy, a process that generates dynamics of socioeconomic differentiation between and within the countries that integrate with that system. Thus, we argue that the phenomenon under analysis is a result from the unequal development of the capitalist agriculture in Brazil and in Paraguay, where the first experiences a relatively more advanced development that is reflected in its foreign expansion. Brazilian capital and entrepreneurs then participate in the development of agribusiness in Paraguay. They assume, however, an intermediary role, since, while controlling certain sectors of the productive structure, they are subordinated to the determinations of transnational corporations, which control the pace of agribusiness development at a global