Thermal desalination is a technology used in many places for water production. Some countries use desalination to produce big volume of water, like USA, Israel, Spain and Greece, aiming for the steady supply of water to some specific regions, contributing to the improvement of production systems. In Brazil, inspite of the huge volume of water available through the rivers, thermal desalination should be considered as an alternative for water production supporting the development of country for food production and for industry, specially in the northeastern region. In this work, a method of evaluation for different water supply needs was conceived, in order to perform the preliminary evaluation of this kind of system. It begins with the definition of the thermal desalinator which will compose the production system. This first step was based on First Law of Thermodynamics formulations available in technical articles used as reference. After technical analysis, the main parameters used for the study of feasibility are defined, for example, the Net Present Value. The methodology extracted from reference articles was simplified and converted into an algorithm, developted for an easy evaluation of different situations.