This dissertation proposes an alternative perspective on modernity and modern politics. To that task, it is divided in five major parts: in addition to the introduction and the conclusion, there are three central chapters devoted to texts from five thinkers considered classics. The first of these chapters problematizes the modern subject through some of Montaigne’s and Descartes’ texts. The next one goes from the boundaries of the modern subject to the boundaries of the modern State: with Machiavelli and Hobbes, it is discussed the production of the State in spatio-temporal articulations. Then, the chapter dedicated to Kant claims that subject, State and system are epicenters of modernity and that in Kant are expressed, in even more complexity, both the aporias between Montaigne and Descartes and between Machiavelli and Hobbes. Working in the limits, origins and ends, of these epicenters, the interpretation proposed of the Kant’s three critiques and of his political writings aims at interpreting him as the highest expression of modernity’s insoluble contradictions in the relation between the universal and the particular. This text’s perspective works in the intimate imbrications among modern subject, modern State and modern international system. Only this way can consolidate its central claim that could be formulated as follows: politics is the production of limits, boundaries and subjectivities in the interaction with otherness. At the end, the text intends to provide with many conscious and unconscious openings, without losing sight that many closures will also be promoted, consciously and unconsciously