The resident populations in conservation units of sustainable use have ensured their participation in the management of UC, according to Law No. 9.985/00. Thus, this study was based on the assumption that the involvement and participation of traditional population in protected areas are essential in any process of formation of a Sustainable Development Reserve (SDR), whereas, the activities developed by these residents will be governed by rules that will impact on preserving the natural environment. Thus, we sought to investigate the involvement of community residents of Nossa Senhora do Livramento in managing the Sustainable Development Reserve Tupé (REDES Tupé), and the environmental impacts caused by the implementation of the reserve in the life of this community. For this, we used a qualitative approach. As a method of data collection used the interview to stamp free. The analysis of this research for achieving nature of the man leaned on a methodology called content analysis. As a result, it was found that the successful consolidation of REDES depends not only on the enforcement of environmental laws, but rather of government action creating opportunity in programs of environmental awareness, sustainable activities, investment in environmental education, health and transport, so that the goals established by the National System of Nature Conservation for the Conservation Units (CU) are actually effected and that local people derive the greatest benefit on a sustainable basis making possible the quality of life as propagated by Law No. 9. 985/00.