The Luso-Brazilian magazine Atlântida, created by the Rio de Janeiroborn journalist and columnist Paulo Barreto (João do Rio) and his Portuguese partner and friend João de Barros, in 1915, intended to act as an intellectual bridge that could reconnect the two continents, bringing together Brazil and Portugal. At that time, especially in the second decade of the 20th century, there was a new phase of antilusitanism in Rio de Janeiro, as had already occurred in Floriano Peixoto’s administration, following the Announcement of the Republic. The new Jacobins preached the full nationalization of several different segments, from the press to the commerce, from the theater to the Navy, and saw the attempts of approach, especially the economic approach, as imperialist bursts of Portugal. The peak of the opposition to the Portuguese presence in the national life occurred in Epitacio Pessoa’s administration, a crucial moment of intervention of João do Rio. In the column entitled Bilhete, in the newspaper A Pátria, of which he was director and full partner, he preached the luso-brazilianness and fiercely fought against those who stirred up the hate towards the Portuguese and advocate for a xenophobic nationalism. In the 40’s and 50’s, some decades after Paulo Barreto’s death, in 1921, friends tried to rehabilitate his memory, both in Rio and Lisboa.