The presence of boron in waters has increased continually and in parallel to the industrial development. And also, the harmful effects to the organisms and living creatures has increased as well, especially on plants, where the gap between the deficiency and the toxicity is very short. In the present work it was investigated the effects of different operating variables in, the kinetics and in the thermodynamics of a process of boron adsorption with MgO from wastewaters generated in the production of oil. The results show that the adsorption process is feasible, and reaches efficiencies around 80%, in the following conditions: pH = 10; MgO-500 concentration = 40 g.L(-1) (surface area: 1259 m2); temperature: = 25oC; stirring = 150 rpm and time = 60 min. The process is strongly influenced by pH, and also by the superficial adsorbent area (particle size), initial concentration of boron, salinity of the solution, and the presence of others ions in the solution. The temperature also has a positive effect in the process. The removal of boron with MgO was evaluated quantitatively using adsorption isotherms. It was shown that the process is better adjusted by the Freundlich isotherm. The constant of the Freundlich isotherm, Kad (mg.g(-1)) = 0,57 was bigger in comparison to other Kad gotten in the adsorption of boron with other adsorbents. Finally, the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the process indicate that the process is spontaneous, and is kinetically well represented by a pseudo second-order model.