The main objective of the work is to demonstrate the relationship between the rising tide of critical citizenship - new phenomenon of the contemporary democracies, exposed by the degree of compliance, greater or less, of the citizens with the political regime - and the trust related to the social and political systems. Its principal argument derives from theoretical specific discussions of the field of studies of the Political Sociology; the hypothesis is that the civic context matters, and is a central element for the development and sustenance of regimes in the process of democratic consolidation. In order to do so it was important to revisit the basic concepts of public space, citizenship and civil society in western modernity, like instrumental variables of the theories of civic culture. Likewise, it is fundamental to problematize these concepts and theories from researches done main focus is the development of the political Brazilian society. We use the data, quanti and qualitative, of the research project Youth, Civic Culture and Citizenship - carried out between high school students in Rio de Janeiro, from both public and private systems. This way we could use the concepts related to the idea of critical citizens who in terms that what - concepts derived from the idea of critical citizens, who are the ones linked to the ideal type of homo civicus, that is, individuals socialized in a democratic environment which implies feelings be them pessimism, skepticism or optimism regarding the political system. The intention is to demonstrate the difference between satisfaction with the political system and compliance to the democratic regime. It was important to realize that, even discontented with the political system, the student showed a high degree of compliance to the democratic regime.