In geotechnical analyses, forecasts of safety factors or deformations are developed on the basis of deterministics methods, that admit as fixed and known the parameters of the soil or the rock. However, such forecasts are affected by uncertainties proceeding from the reproduction impossibility of the field conditions in laboratory, of the disturbance of the soil under installation of instruments, of the not detected geomechanics occurrences during the soundings campaign, of the inherent variability to the soil, among others. The study of the influence of these uncertainties on the deterministics calculations, with the possibility of the risk quantification of failure associated with a getechnical project, developed during the last decades on the basis in theories of probability and statistics. The present work make a bibliographical revision of basic concepts of probability and statistics, showing some advances of the application of these concepts in geotechnical engineering. With the objective to show forms of computing probabilities of rupture or of inadmissible settlement are make analyses for the following cases: settlement of fill on soft clay, settlement of superficial foundations in sand, stability of superficial foundation in residual soil, stability of deep foundation in sand, stability of retaining wall and dam slope stability. With the objective to verify the factors that influence the probabilist estimates, for each case is make comparisons between results given of different probabilist and/or deterministics methods.