In Brazil, different proposals of curricular and pedagogical reforms have appeared, and several different projects are made seeking to work intensively with the relationship between racial questions and education. Our work is focused on a real experience that links racial thematic and education in a public university, whose objective is to be center of studies and social intervention, therefore its choise is seen by us as a great challenge. This investigation deals about searching attempt over the discussion concerning racial democracy in the Brazilian society and the implementation of affirmative action politicies, mostly concerning education.In the first chapter we will feature a brief approach of race concepts and racial democracy; in the second one we will feature some advances of the affirmative action politicies, in last 20 years; in the third and fourth chapters, we will analyze the Politicies of the Color in Brazilian Education Program - project developed in the University of Rio de Janeiro - its characteristics, conquests and challenges, from the point of view of who implemented it. Finally, the final consideration of this work.