In recent years, the world s major economic powers have agreed on sustainability policies aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 80 to 95% by 2050 compared to 1990 levels. In this context, photovoltaic technology, along with other renewable sources, coupled with the pursuit of greater energy efficiency, plays a significant role in achieving this goal. Thermophotovoltaic technology (TPV), where a conventional photovoltaic cell converts thermal radiation from hot sources such as waste energy, allows for record-breaking efficiency through adjustments enabling bandgap selection. This project aimed to develop a computational simulation of the thermophotovoltaic system, predicting electrical generation, energy efficiency, and emissions from various fossil and renewable fuels – including gasoline, ethanol, diesel, natural gas, hydrogen, sugarcane bagasse, and urban solid waste – using Matlab software. The routine begins with calculating the adiabatic flame temperature, determining the spectral radiation profile for different materials. The fraction of energy utilized for each technology is then calculated to define the most suitable one for maximizing project efficiency. For comparison, the use of fossil fuels and classical technologies such as turbines and internal combustion engines was considered to calculate generated energy and specific emissions. The results highlight significant differences in environmental impact and energy potential, particularly with Hydrogen, Bagasse, and Urban Solid Waste. Hydrogen emerges as a zero-emission fuel with superior energy performance, achieving efficiencies around 66% for the ideal model and approximately 39% when associated with triple-junction plates composed of GaInP/GaInAs/Ge, exhibiting the highest spectral utilization factor compared to other materials analyzed.