The main purpose of this thesis is to contribute to a renewed concept of the sacraments of the Church, starting from the liturgical theology of the symbolic actions of the prophets of Israel and Jesus. With the advance of biblical research, patristic and dogmatic, it has been possible to explore a more biblical and ecclesial concept of the sacraments celebrated by the Church. In the light of the Second Vatican Council, the liturgical nature of the prophetic acts performed by the prophets and by Jesus is outlined. As signs of God s power, inserted in salvation history, these acts are prolonged in the world today through the liturgy of the Church. Inserted in the last stage of the historia salutis, the sacraments are divine acts that reveal Christ s saving presence in the world and anticipate the eschatological fulfillment of the kingdom of God. Therefore, the sacraments as prophetic acts of the Church want to bring about a renewed expression of the liturgical acts of the Church. The symbolic actions cause a response, making the Christian participate actively in the mystery and understand that the sacraments are acts that have a transforming force in their own life, in the Church, and in the whole world.