This study analyzes the impact of a Business Training Program (BTP) on the adoption of business practices and the performance of microentrepreneurs in disadvantaged communities in Rio de Janeiro, as well as the influence of the pre-existence of specific goals and objectives set by participants on the relationship between training and the adoption of business practices from 2020 to 2022. The first stage consisted of a systematic literature review on BTPs in developing countries, which revealed positive effects on business practices and less consistent financial impacts, particularly in high-vulnerability contexts. The second stage involved a quasi-experimental design with empirical analysis of data collected before and after participation in the BTP. The results indicate that the program positively contributed to the adoption of business practices, with consistent effects in the areas of cost control and cash flow management, and more limited effects in financial planning. The definition of clear goals and specific objectives by participants was partially associated with greater adoption of related practices, suggesting that, in certain contexts, the presence of specific goals aligned with the program s content can enhance its effectiveness. On the other hand, the impacts on financial performance were heterogeneous, indicating that economic gains may depend on a longer maturation period for the adopted practices. The analysis also revealed that participants facing difficulties in using digital media exhibited less variation in their adoption of practices, highlighting the role of digital exclusion as a barrier to the effectiveness of online training in regions characterized by structural inequalities.