This study discusses the relations between Church and State during the nineteenth-century monarchical regime that prevailed in Brazil, taking as its spatial and temporal focus the city of Rio de Janeiro between 1869 and 1890. The study is part of the research activities of the Postgraduate Program in Theology at PUC-Rio University, with a concentration area in Systematic-Pastoral Theology, research line in Religion and Modernity, and a research project in History of the Church and Modernity: Permanencies and Changes. Its main objective is to elucidate practical questions about the Brazilian Imperial Patronage through an approach to the relations between ecclesiastical power and civil powers for the provisioning of the Church in the then Municipality of the Court. Therefore, it focuses on various sources, from official sources of ecclesiastical and civil origin to those of the contemporary press, in order to analyze the different perspectives from which the confessionality of the State and its relations with the Church at a local level – the City of Rio de Janeiro – can be perceived, providing a multifaceted view of these relations and contributing to deepening the academic debate on the subject.