Anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders worldwide, and clinical findings indicate significant comorbidity between anxiety disorders and depression in the same individual. Specifically concerning generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), comorbidity with depression is often present. A major concern is the impact of these disorders on social interactions. The state of tension and excessive worry exhibited by these individuals can be transmitted to those in their social circles, while social interactions can also serve as an anxiety provoking factor for them. There are still gaps in understanding the behavioral, neurobiological, and genetic mechanisms involved in these disorders, and these aspects need to be investigated. Concerns about the rising prevalence of anxiety and depression disorders underscore the necessity of understanding the dual nature of social interactions in mental health, highlighting their role as sources of well-being as well as potential stressors. Our aim is to examine the relationship between anxiety disorders and depression with social isolation. Through empirical research using Carioca rats, a bidirectionally selected animal model of anxiety with high and low conditioned freezing responses, we intend to quantitatively analyze the impact of social isolation on depression-like behavior in these strains (Article 1). Subsequently, through a comprehensive review of existing literature, we will investigate whether social isolation alleviates symptoms associated with these disorders, taking into account the emotional and cognitive mechanisms involved in social interactions among humans (Article 2). To this end, 72 animals were divided into three strains: Carioca with high conditioned freezing (CAC), Carioca with low conditioned freezing (CBC), and control animals (CTR) with intermediate freezing levels. Half of the animals were maintained in groups according to their respective lineage, while the other half were kept in socially isolated conditions within smaller cages. Subsequently, all animals were subjected to the forced swim test, where their behaviors were analyzed. Following the findings, we expanded our studies through a narrative review to understand how these psychiatric disorders interact with interpersonal relationships.