The thesis Political Philosophy in Literary Writing by Margaret Cavendish offers an interpretation of the main political conceptions of the English philosopher and novelist Margaret Cavendish (1623-1673) expressed in her literary writings. The main objective of this study is to highlight the connection between the philosophical and political ideas of the author and point out the contribution of literature in the formulation of modern philosophical thought. To do so, we seek to understand the main philosophical and political concepts developed by the author in her literary writings. Cavendish, like Thomas Hobbes, not only witnessed the transition from traditional to modern thought but he also participated directly in the modern debate discussing topics of natural and political philosophy through his writing. The social and political crisis caused by scientific and religious reforms in the late sixteenth century and, ongoing in the seventeenth century, pressed Western societies to reformulate their political organization, and it was in this context that Margaret Cavendish, probably influenced by the thought of Thomas Hobbes, promotes philosophical and political reflections significant to the modern project in development. Considering, therefore, the importance of the object of this study and its complexity, the first part of this study seeks to situate the reader in the historical context that involves the modern period, 17th century, presenting a brief outline of the guiding notions. The study then performs a comparison of the main political ideas of Margaret Cavendish expressed in her texts of natural philosophy and in the utopian novel The Blazing World. The author chooses utopia as a literary style, a genre that since Plato is used in philosophical reflection, but it is in modernity that fiction becomes widely spread as an alternative to philosophical and scientific debate. Next, the research is directed to the study and interpretation of Cavendish s main philosophical concepts developed in his studies of nature in order to present the connection between his philosophical and political ideas. Finally, the study demonstrates that when considered together, the literary work of Margaret Cavendish consists of a philosophical and political theory. The study also points out some similarities and tensions between Cavendish s philosophy with that of Thomas Hobbes, especially in The Leviathan. Ultimately, the exploration of Margaret Cavendish s work highlights women s participation in modern debate and offers new insights into the nature and diversity of 17th century philosophical and political theorizing.