Title: Hermeneutics of the South: paths of comprehension; and surreality as a condition. This thesis goes on, in a speculative form, with what it sees as the hermeneutics of the South, and the paths of interpretation that can be followed in this quest to break the traditional hermeneutic, Eurocentric and colonialist, model, always taking surreality as a condition, ultimately seeking an approximation with contemporary Latin American literature. After a brief introduction, the first chapter research the traditional hermeneutic systems, focusing on the theory of the German philosopher Hans Georg Gadamer, but before making a brief inventory of some European hermeneutic systems, especially in philosophy, social sciences and literature, stopping at the Gadamerian system. Within this beginning, there is also criticism of rationalism, Eurocentrism, and the racism created by modernity, the great axes tutored by the hermeneutics of the global North, which ended up being used, through interpretation, as an instrument of domination of thought in the peripheral countries and former European colonies of Latin America. From there, the thesis begins to seek its own path, speculating on the establishment of a hermeneutic system of interpretation that manages to contemplate the thought of the global south (especially Latin America). For now, the thesis discusses the mythical figures of Hermes and Exu, the first identified with traditional hermeneutics in the global North and the second, the figure to be sought as an identification for hermeneutic systems in the South, replacing Hermes, the great patron of Eurocentric hermeneutics, with the figure of Exu, as the path to be followed by Southern thought. At this point, the thesis notes that Exu, unlike Hermes, is not a messenger, he doesn t show the way but is the way itself. Having made this cut, the thesis goes on to speculate on what the best idea of interpretation would be for the hermeneutics of the South, and ends up choosing a surreality that permeates Latin American and African literatures, passing a little through some French surrealism, and some peripheral Portuguese surrealism (because their works were separated from the European hermeneutic axis), to finally, through fictional and poetic archives, and also based on the infrarrealist movement, find a hermeneutic line that is almost entirely Latin American. Having taken this step into what can be considered the heart of the thesis, the last is the analysis, based on the idea resulting from the hermeneutics of the South, of a novel by the writer Ariel Luppino, called A outra vida, which carries in its writing some of the surreality speculated in the thesis. Finally, as a condition for establishing the hermeneutics of the South, the thesis ends with the conclusions of this analysis and the speculation of the real possibility of an idea of a hermeneutic system of the global South.